This Course provides a simple understanding of Refrigeration and Air-conditioning fundamentals. Ideally suited to those with a little or no knowledge of the subject. The course consists of different refrigeration cycles and understanding of psychrometry and psychrometric processes used for the purpose of air-conditioning. Further, the comfort air-conditioning and indoor environment health are also addressed in this course.
Heat and Mass Transfer Content
Part I: Basic Concepts
- General aspects of heat transfer
- Importance of heat transfer
- Thermodynamics
- Properties of systems
- Basic law governing heat transfer
- Modes of heat transfer
Part II: One dimension steady state Heat Conduction
- Introduction
- Heat conduction equation in Cartesian coordinates
- Heat condition equation in cylindrical coordinates
- Heat conduction in spherical coordinates
- Heat conduction through plane and composite walls
- Overall heat transfer coefficient
- Critical thickness of insulation
- Heat conduction with internal heat generation
Part III: Mass Transfer
- Mode of mass transfer
- Mass transfer by diffusion
- Mass transfer by convection
- Mass transfer by change of phase
- Concentrations velocities and fluxes
- Fick’s law
- General mass diffusion equation in station
This course will enable participants to manage and grow the existing business and to exhibit Engineering Ethics according to national and international law governing Engineers
Industrial air conditioning Content
1. Psychometric
Define psychometric and the composition of moist air, Discuss the methods used for estimating properties of moist air ,Present perfect gas law model for moist air ,Define important psychometric properties, Present graphical representation of psychometric properties on a psychometrics chart ,Discuss measurement of psychrometric properties ,Discuss straight-line law as applied to air-water mixtures ,Discuss the concept of adiabatic saturation and thermodynamic wet bulb temperature ,Describe a wet-bulb thermometer ,Discuss the procedure for calculating psychrometric properties from measured values of barometric pressure, dry bulb and wet bulb temperatures ,Describe a psychrometer and the precautions to be taken while using psychrometers
2. Psychrometric Processes
Introduction to psychrometric processes and their representation ,Important psychrometric processes namely, sensible cooling and heating, cooling and dehumidification, cooling and humidification, heating and humidification, chemical dehumidification and mixing of air streams ,Representation of the above processes on psychrometric chart and equations for heat and mass transfer rates ,Concept of Sensible Heat Factor, By-pass Factor and apparatus dew point temperature of cooling coils ,Principle of air washers and various psychrometric processes that can be performed using air washers ,Concept of enthalpy potential and its use
3. Inside And Outside Design Conditions
Describe a typical air conditioning system and discuss the need for fixing
suitable indoor and outdoor design conditions ,Discuss the criteria used for selecting inside design conditions , Define thermal comfort, metabolic rate and response of human beings to variation in body temperature, Present heat balance equation, equations for convective, radiative and evaporative losses from the skin, metabolic rates for various types of activities and discuss the thermo-regulatory mechanism used by human body to fight against heat and cold , Discuss the factors affecting thermal comfort ,Discuss the various thermal indices used for evaluating indoor environment and present ASHRAE comfort chart, recommended inside design conditions and discuss the concept of Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Percent of People Dissatisfied (PPD),Discuss the criteria used for selecting outside design conditions and present typical summer design conditions for major Indian cities as suggested by ASHRAE
4. Psychrometry of Air Conditioning Systems
Purpose of psychrometric calculations, Analysis of a simple, summer air conditioning system with 100% re-circulated air, Analysis of a summer air conditioning system with outdoor air for ventilation and, with zero by-pass factor Analysis of a simple, summer air conditioning system with outdoor air for ventilation and with non-zero by-pass, Analysis of a summer air conditioning system with re-heat for high latent cooling load applications, Selection guidelines for supply air conditions
5. Evaporative, Winter And All Year Air Conditioning Systems
Introduce evaporative cooling systems , Classify evaporative cooling systems ,Discuss the characteristics of direct evaporative cooling systems ,Discuss the characteristics of indirect evaporative cooling systems ,Discuss the characteristics of multi-stage evaporative cooling systems, Discuss advantages and disadvantages of evaporative cooling systems, Discuss the applicability of evaporative cooling systems ,Describe winter air conditioning systems ,Describe all year air conditioning systems
6. Cooling And Heating Load Calculations
Introduction to cooling and heating load calculations , Solar radiation, solar constant and solar irradiation ,Solar geometry, latitude, declination, hour angles, local solar time and total sunshine hours ,Derived solar angles ,Angle of incidence for horizontal, vertical and tilted surfaces ,Calculation of direct, diffuse and reflected radiation using ASHRAE solar radiation model, Effect of clouds
MEE 301 Maintenance Management
Module content
UNIT I: PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES OF MAINTENANCE PLANNING
Basic Principles of maintenance planning – Objectives and principles of planned maintenance activity – Importance and benefits of sound Maintenance systems – Reliability and machine availability – MTBF, MTTR and MWT – Factors of availability – Maintenance organization – Maintenance economics.
UNIT II: MAINTENANCE POLICIES – PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
Maintenance categories – Comparative merits of each category – Preventive maintenance, maintenance schedules, repairs cycle - Principles and methods of lubrication – TPM.
UNIT III: CONDITION MONITORING
Condition Monitoring – Cost comparison with and without CM – On-load testing and off-load testing – Methods and instruments for CM – Temperature sensitive tapes – Pistol thermometers – wear-debris analysis
UNIT IV: REPAIR METHODS FOR BASIC MACHINE ELEMENTS
Repair methods for beds, sideways, spindles, gears, lead screws and bearings – Failure analysis – Failures and their development – Logical fault location methods – Sequential fault location.
UNIT V: REPAIR METHODS FOR MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT
Repair methods for Material handling equipment - Equipment records –Job order systems -Use of computers in maintenance. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
REFERENCES:
1. White E.N., “Maintenance Planning”, I Documentation, Gower Press, 1979.
2. Garg M.R., “Industrial Maintenance”, S. Chand & Co., 1986.
3. Higgins L.R., “Maintenance Engineering Hand book”, McGraw Hill, 5th Edition, 1988.
4. Armstrong, “Condition Monitoring”, BSIRSA, 1988.
5. Davies, “Handbook of Condition Monitoring”, Chapman &Hall, 1996.
6. “Advances in Plant Engineering and Management”, Seminar Proceedings - IIPE, 1996.